Receiving an abnormal mammogram result can be a shock for many women and their families. Breast care experts from Houston Methodist West Hospital share their guidance on additional testing, benign causes and resources for newly diagnosed breast cancer patients.

"Being called back after a mammogram can feel overwhelming, but it’s important to remember that an abnormal result does not automatically mean cancer,” said Dr. Candy Arentz, breast surgeon at Houston Methodist West Hospital. "The best next step is to complete any recommended follow-up testing so we can better understand the findings and determine if additional care is needed."

After an abnormal screening result, patients typically undergo a diagnostic mammogram to examine a specific area of concern. Depending on the findings, patients also may undergo a breast ultrasound, particularly if they have dense breast tissue.

Unlike a routine screening mammogram, the radiologist reviews diagnostic images in real time and discusses the results directly with the patient before they leave. If they identify an area of concern, they may recommend additional imaging or a biopsy to determine if the finding is benign or cancerous.

"Many women are surprised to learn that abnormal mammogram results are often linked to noncancerous conditions," Arentz said. "Dense breast tissue, cysts and other benign changes can sometimes prompt additional imaging, which is why follow-up testing is so important."

For patients who receive a breast cancer diagnosis, support begins immediately through the Houston Methodist multidisciplinary breast care program.

"If you're due for a mammogram, don't put it off. And if you're called back for additional testing, remember that you're not facing the process alone," Arentz said.

According to the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, breast cancer is the second most common cancer among women in the United States. Women at average risk for breast cancer should receive a mammogram every year starting at age 40 as recommended by the American Cancer Society. Women with a family history of breast cancer, a BRCA1 or BRCA2 mutation, or other risk factors may need to begin screenings earlier.

Houston Methodist West Hospital is located at 18500 Katy Freeway in Houston; for more information, go to https://www.houstonmethodist.org/locations/katy-west/.